Entrainement hypoxie vs normoxie

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Effects of hypoxic interval training on cycling performance.
Roels B, Millet GP, Marcoux CJ, Coste O, Bentley DJ, Candau RB.
UPRES EA 3759 Faculty of Sport Sciences, 700 avenue Pic St Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France. Cette adresse e-mail est protégée contre les robots spammeurs. Vous devez activer le JavaScript pour la visualiser.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxic interval training improves sea level cycling performance more than equivalent training in hypoxia or normoxia. METHODS: Thirty-three well-trained cyclists and triathletes (25.9 +/- 2.7 yr, VO(2max) 66.1 +/- 6.1 mL.min(-1).kg(-1)) were divided into three groups: intermittent hypoxic (IHT, N = 11, P(I)O(2) of 100 mm Hg), intermittent hypoxic interval training (IHIT, N = 11) and normoxia (Nor, N = 11, P(I)O(2) of 160 mm Hg) and completed a 7-wk training program, consisting of two high-intensity (100 or 90% relative peak power output) interval training sessions each week. Each interval training session was performed in a laboratory on the subject\'s own bicycle, in normoxic or hypoxic conditions for the Nor and the IHT group, respectively. The IHIT group performed warm-up and cool-down plus recovery from each interval in hypoxic conditions. In contrast to IHT, interval exercise bouts were performed in normoxic conditions. RESULTS: Mean power output during a 10-min cycle time trial improved after the first 4 wk of training by 5.2 +/- 3.9, 3.7 +/- 5.9, and 5.0 +/- 3.4% for IHIT, IHT, and Nor, respectively, without significant differences between groups. Moreover, mean power output did not show any significant improvement in the following 3 wk in any group. VO(2max) (L.min(-1)) increased only in IHIT during the training period (8.7 +/- 9.1%; P < 0.05). No changes in cycling efficiency or in hematological variables (P > 0.05) were observed. CONCLUSION: Four weeks of interval training induced an improvement in endurance performance. However, short-term exposure to hypoxia (approximately 114 min.wk(-1)) did not elicit a greater increase in performance or any hematological modifications

Oui intéressant !!! Je ne suis pas surpris que ce type d\'entraînement n\'apporte pas d\'amélioration de la performance. Il semblerait que pour avoir un gain il faut s\'entraîner au niveau de la mer et dormir à 2\'500 m d\'altitude et ce pendant 1 mois. D\'où l\'apparition des chambres hypoxies.

Ivan

Traduction:

Il y a une augmentation de la puissance moyenne pour les 3 groupes après 4 semaines sur un contre la montre de 10 minutes :
-Hypoxie dans chambre (IHT). PIO2 100mmHg = + 3,7%
-Hypoxie mais dans un environnement de normoxie (IHIT). PIO2 160mmHg = + 5,2%
-Normoxie. PIO2 160mmHg (NOR). = + 5%

Mais pas de différence significative entre les groupes.

Pas d\'augmentation signicative de puissance moyenne les 3 semaines suivante pour les 3 groupes.

VO2max à augmenté de 8,7% chez IHIT.

Conclusion: L\'interval training a augmenté la performance pour les 3 groupes les 4 premieres semaines seulement.
Un exposition en chambre avec entrainement en interval training ne permet pas d\'obtenir de meilleur performance qu\'un entrainement en normoxie ou hypoxic normal.